What it is
The International Energy Agency's World Energy Outlook is the most widely cited annual energy report in the world. The 2025 edition models global energy supply, demand, and investment across multiple scenarios. It includes a free dataset covering electricity, oil, gas, coal, and renewables at the country level.
Why we picked this
When governments, investors, and corporations make energy decisions, they reference the WEO. The free dataset alone is invaluable. The 2025 edition's key finding, that all fossil fuel demand peaks before 2030 under stated policies, is a watershed moment in energy economics.
Key takeaways
- All fossil fuel demand (coal, oil, gas) peaks before 2030 under IEA stated policies, with fossil share of primary energy falling from approximately 80% to 73%.
- Battery prices are projected to decline a further 40% by 2030, reaching approximately $84/kWh from the 2023 baseline of $140/kWh.
- The free WEO dataset provides country-level energy projections that are essential for anyone building investment models or policy analyses.